The prospects and economic benefits of implementing Krafft Ehricke’s concept of using
industrial nuclear explosions for the industrialization of the Moon are considered. Calculations of the
cost of producing oxygen on the Moon on an industrial scale are provided. It is shown that a price of
about 1 dollar/kg of oxygen and a production volume in the proportion of 1 million tons of oxygen per
8 Mt of industrial nuclear charge power are achievable. The possibilities of implementing this
technology under existing treaties on military and peaceful industrial nuclear explosions, and the
Outer Space Treaty are analyzed. It is shown that the nuclear industrialization of the Moon solves
the problem of building space solar power plants, including at the Lagrange point between the Sun
and the Earth as a space system for regulating the thermal regime of the Earth’s atmosphere.